In most cases, joining two independent clauses i. In this example, the two ideas expressed are clearly related, as the author wishes to contrast the characters' dialogue with the narrator's. However, the sentence contains a comma splice because the clauses on both sides of the comma are independent clauses :.
In other words, the two sentences above can stand alone as complete sentences. Joining them with a comma results in a comma splice. To correct a comma splice, take a look at the clauses that make up the sentence. Be sure that each sentence includes only one independent clause and the rest dependent clauses.
A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a sentence. Like an independent clause , it has a subject and a verb. It may not, however, express a complete thought and may begin with a signal word called a subordinating conjunction. The chart below outlines common coordinating and subordinating conjunctions discussed in this section. Using the chart above, we can correct the comma splice from the previous sentence in several ways:. A final problem related to sentence structure concerns sentence fragments.
Sentence fragments occur when a writer punctuates a phrase as if it could stand alone as a sentence, for example:. To correct the fragment, you could join the dependent clause to the independent clause or the main clause. The best way to test whether or not you have a sentence fragment is to evaluate whether the clause expresses a complete thought. If not, then look for signal words that could indicate the beginning of a dependent clause. If you have a clause that does not express a complete thought and begins with a signal phrase, then you're likely looking at a sentence fragment.
Sentence Structure Clauses Comma Splices Fragmented Sentences In this section, we'll review dependent and independent clauses and how to punctuate sentences that include include them. Conjunctions and semicolons are both options for joining sentences, but each produces a different rhetorical effect. More Definitions for stand.
Kids Definition of stand Entry 1 of 2. The judges stood firm. He stood by a friend. Kids Definition of stand Entry 2 of 2. Legal Definition of stand Entry 1 of 2. White and R. Legal Definition of stand Entry 2 of 2. Get Word of the Day daily email! Test Your Vocabulary. Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way.
Love words? Need even more definitions? Just between us: it's complicated. Ask the Editors 'Everyday' vs. What Is 'Semantic Bleaching'? How 'literally' can mean "figuratively". Literally How to use a word that literally drives some pe Is Singular 'They' a Better Choice? The awkward case of 'his or her'.
Take the quiz. There might be other courses that are more difficult in other states, but this one is the most difficult here. Let's say it's just one difficult course of several in the state, i. The first prepositional phrase specifies how she ran a verb , and the second specifies when. Both are adverbial phrases. Here are some of the most commonly used prepositions in English.
Be aware that just because a word in a sentence is on this list doesn't mean that it's being used as a preposition in any particular context. Many of these words can also be other parts of speech, such as adverbs or subordinating conjunctions. To tell if a word is a preposition, look to see if it has an object. If there's a clause following it, you're likely dealing with a conjunction.
If it's at the end of a clause instead of the beginning or the end of a sentence , it's likely an adverb. When these words are part of a verb phrase, they're adverbs. You check out, look up, and call off something, so these words might appear to be prepositions with objects.
But they can't be split off from their verbs. Out the book is not a prepositional phrase, as you don't go out a book. If your writing often contains very long sentences, consider using prepositional phrases as a tool for reorganizing your work when revising. Too many prepositional phrases, however, can make a sentence difficult to understand. This issue can often be fixed by splitting a long sentence into two or three shorter sentences or moving the verb closer to its subject.
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