Whereas it had over a decade of experience in developing and implementing the best digital audio circuitry, it lacked the know-how to make the actually physical CD. As a result of these developments, in , during a conference in Japan, Philips and Sony stunned the world with the announcement that both the companies would jointly develop the Compact Disc. Thus, a new deal was forged, and the two companies worked together for the next few years. Engineers at Philips concentrated on the physical design of the disc: how the laser would read off the information from the pits and lands on the disc surface.
In the year , Philips and Sony, in general acceptance of certain specifications regarding the CDs, brought out the Red Book. The name was attributed to the colour of the cover of the first publication.
The Red Book contained specifications that included the size of the disc, the recording details, the sampling, and other standards, many of which remain unchanged even today. The CDs could be played in stereo systems, had a diameter of mm making it portable and smaller than the vinyl record , and could hold an immense amount of data, much more than the vinyl record or the cassette did.
Soon after, Sony and Philips parted ways and started working separately, trying to produce their own CD-drive equipment.
The first commercial CD drive was released a month earlier by Sony on 1st of October , making it a notable event in the history of CD development. It did not reach the shores of America until the early part of Sony beat Philips once again for a second time when it released the first portable CD player in the year In the summer of , the music world officially closed the book on a format era as major retailers like Best Buy and Target began phasing out CD sales.
The compact disc — the musical format that spanned more than three decades — finally retired, officially paving way for the more convenient and accessible streaming services. Bye bye home CD towers and overstuffed car CD booklets. Before the CD came around, the cassette tape was the primary format that music lovers were pumping in their headphones and at home. Invented in the early 60s, the small cassette tape allowed for better portability and durability than vinyl, even though vinyl was still widely used and loved.
By the end of the 70s, people could even listen to their favorite tapes on the go, thanks to the Sony Walkman.
The cassette tape was here to stay … or so it seemed. By , it had finally made its way to overseas to the U. Like most technology, the initial release lineup is fairly limited, and the same went for the CD player. So much so, that by just 5 years after its U.
Because ten years after its invention the gramophone record was developed. Emil Berliner. Although Edison is often referred to as the inventor of the gramophone record, this honor is really due to Emil Berliner, who had emigrated from Germany and was the first person in the world to introduce such a device in Because in contrast to Edison, whose phonograph was intended for recording and reproduction, Berliner saw the gramophone and its records primarily as instruments that would allow everyone to listen to music by famous artists.
After first using ebonite, Berliner soon switched over to shellac as the material for his records, and this continued to be used for the production of 78 r. Finally Edison also developed a gramophone record, even introducing a 30 cm Long Play record with a playing time of around 20 minutes. But despite its excellent sound quality this record was not a success, the public instead choosing the 78 r.
Electrical recordings. The electrical recordings, which became possible from onwards, represented a major improvement in every respect. Not only was the frequency range greatly increased, but things also became a lot easier for the recording technicians and artists thanks to the introduction of the microphone and the disappearance of the huge 'funnels' from the recording studios.
But Edison again was not impressed. He continued to prefer mechanical recording even for his Long Play record as a result of which he gradually faded out of the picture in the music industry. That may well have saved him a lot of money, because at the beginning of the s record sales collapsed; from more than million copies in to barely 6 million in By now, Deutsche Grammophon, Berliner's company and the publisher of the Strauss recording, had become a part of PolyGram.
This event is often seen as the "Big Bang" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especially in the early-adopting classical music and audiophile communities and its handling quality received particular praise. As the price of players sank rapidly, the CD began to gain popularity in the larger popular and rock music markets.
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